初三英语(下)
九年级下学期(9B)英语课程简介
Unit One: Asia
一、重要词汇
1. tiring adj. (事、物)令人疲劳的,使人厌倦的 be tired of 对...感到厌烦
tired adj. (人 )感到疲劳
amaze v 使惊奇
amazed adj. (人)感到惊奇
Amazing adj. (事、物)令人惊奇的
2. Palace Museum 故宫
the Forbidden City 紫禁城
the Great Wall 长城
the Summer Palace 颐和园
the old Summer Palace 圆明园
3. used to do sth. 过去常做某事,现在不了
be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于某事或习惯于做某事。
get/become used to (doing) sth. 变得习惯于某事或习惯于做某事, [来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]
be used to do sth. be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事
4. had better do sth 最好做某事
had better not do sth 最好不要做某事
疑问句:hadn’t + 主语 + better...?
5. turn相关短语:
turn into 转变成,改造成 turn to 转向;翻到(书的某一页);向某人求救
turn left/right 左转/右转 turn red 变红
turn out结果是 turn up调高
turn down调低 turn on 打开
turn off关掉 turn back 返回
6. be worth +名词/doing sth. 值得(做某事)
be well worth doing sth. 非常值得做某事
7. rise与raise辨析
词条 | 词性 | 含义 | 用 法 |
raise |
及物动词 | 提高;筹集;养育;升起 | 后面可以直接加宾语,强调使事物达到硬顶高度,如抬头、举手等等。 |
rise |
不及物动词 |
上升;起立; | 后面不能直接加宾语,常之日、月、物价、河水等的上升。 |
8. 方位名词和方位形容词
东 | 西 | 南 | 北 | |
名词 | East | West | South | North |
形容词 | Eastern | Western | Southern | Northern |
用法:
① 介词+the+方位名词+of...,句子
② 介词++the+方位形容词+名词+of...,句子
③ 介词+the+方位名词,句子
9. lie (lay lain lying lies) 位于,躺,平放
lie (lied lied lying lies) 说谎;谎言(n.)
lay (laid laid laying lays) 放置,下蛋
lie in 位于...内部
lie on 两地接壤
lie to 相隔一段距离
10. have/has been to 表示主语“去过某地”
have/has gone to 表示主语“去了某地”
11. in total 意为“总共,总计”
12. take part in 意为“参加,加入”。
13. in addition 意为“另外”
14. return to 意为“回到”
15. be dropped 意为“被抛弃,被放弃”
16. hang 悬挂 hung hung hanging hangs
17. look的短语
look down 俯视 look after 照顾 look at 看……[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]
look back回顾 look for寻找 look forward to盼望
look into调查 look like看起来像 look over检查
look in the eyes 注视 look away 转移目光
18. take的短语
take up 占用(时间),占据(空间) take notice of 关注
take off (飞机)起飞;脱下;动身 take a look看一下take a walk 散步
take action采取行动 take away带走,拿走,取走 take care of 照顾;抚养
take...to...带...去... take photos照相,拍照 take over 接受;接管
take a break休息一会儿 take down记下;拆卸 take notes 做笔记;记录
take place发生;进行 take things as they come 既来之则安之
take on new challenges 接受新挑战
二、重点句型:
How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口?
What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?
三、语法
it的使用
Unit Two: Great People
一、重要词汇
1. hear of 听说,得知 常接人或事物
heard about听说,得知 后常接事情类的名词
hear from 收到某人的来信 = get a letter from sb / receive a letter from sb
2. Invent v. 发明
Invention n. 发明物
Inventor n. 发明家
动词变名词(人) ① 常见+er runner, swimmer, shopper, explorer
② +or visitor, survivor, actor, director, collector
③ +ist artist, pianist, scientist
3. become interested in 对….感兴趣. become可换为be/get,主语通常是人.
4. join 参加, 主要指加入某个组织(如军队,党派, 社团, 协会等), 成为其中一员.
serve 作vi. 意为”服役”;还可以vt.表示”服务,招待”.后跟人作宾语. 意为”为……服务"名词形式是service.
5. 【辨析】mange to do sth.与try to do sth.
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事.强调结果”成功完成”;
try to do sth. 尽力做某事,强调动作,不知道此事能否做成.
6. out of control 失去控制,无法管理.
beyond control 难以控制
under control 被控制的
7. order 作名词,意为”命令,指挥,要求,”, “顺序, 订单”
order 作动词, 意为”命令;订货; 点菜.”
使...井然有序 make sth in good order
8. cut的短语
cut …short “缩短” cut down 砍倒;削减 cut in 插嘴,插队 cut off 切断, 隔断 cut out 剪去, 关掉
9. father与further辨析
两者都是far的比较级.但用法不完全相同.
farther 表示距离上更远, 凡是能用farther的地方, further也能用;
further 除了有更远讲之外还可以表示抽象意义的”更远,更进一步, 更深入” 而farther 不能这样用.
10. the pride of …..意为”… 的骄傲”
take pride in 以…为自豪.
be proud of “以… 为自豪,”
11. make a/the/no difference (to…)有/没有作用,有/没有影响
12. wash their clothes by hand 手洗衣服
13. have a day out外出一天
14. marry的短语
marry sb 嫁给某人,与……结婚
be/get married to sb 与某人结婚
marry sb to sb 父母把女儿嫁给某人 或 为儿子娶媳妇
have/has been married 结婚已有一段时间
15. scientist 名词,科学家, science 名词 科学 scientific 形容词 科学的
16. be famous for 因...而出名
be famous as 作为...而出名
17. admire sb for (doing) sth 因...而钦佩/赞赏某人
18. wide的变形
widely, 副词,广泛地,普遍地
wide, 形容词,宽的,宽阔的
wide, 副词,主要表示“张大、睁大”到最大程度
19. die的用法
die of : 死于... 常指死于疾病,衰老等自身的原因。
die from: 死于... 常指死因不是人体的内在原因,而是由环境造成(主要是事故等方面的外部原因)
20. happen to do sth 碰巧做某事
21. be introduced into.... 被传入到……被引进到……
22. increase by 和increase to辨析
increase by+倍数或百分数表示增加了...倍或百分之....
increase to +具体的增长后的数字表示增加到...
二、重点句型
What did/does/do… mean by…? …什么意思?
= what did /does/do …mean?
= what’s the meaning of…?
三、语法
一般现在时&现在进行时
一般过去时&过去进行时
一般过去时&现在完成时
Unit Three: Robots
一、重点词汇
1. complain to sb about sth 向某人投诉某东西
complain about/of sth. 抱怨某事
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
[来源:学科
2. post a letter for sb. 为某人寄封信
3. help with homework/housework 帮助辅导家庭作业/干家务活
4. explore outer places 探索太空
5. do dangerous jobs 做危险的工作
6. do whatever they’re asked to 无论它们被要求做什么就做什么
7. make one’s life much easier 使某人的生活容易多了
8. tidy up 清洁,打扫
9. in general 总的来说,大体上
10. satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需求
11. be satisfied/happy with sb. 对某人满意的
12. go wrong 出现问题;机器发生故障,出毛病
13. catch a virus 染上病毒
14. no longer = not … any longer 不再[来源:学科网]
15. work properly 正确地工作
16. make stupid mistakes 犯愚蠢的错误
17. be in a mess 杂乱不堪 make a mess 搞得一塌糊涂
18. knock over 撞倒
19. be too much trouble 太麻烦
20. have a poor memory 记忆力不好
21. for free 免费地
22. first of all 首先
23. up to standard 合格
24. regret having done sth. 后悔做了某事
25. expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人去做某事
26. Go up and down stairs 上下楼梯
二、重点句子
1. They could do dangerous jobs like putting out fires or working on high buildings.
它们可以做危险的工作,比如灭火或在高空工作。
2. Could robots help you and me in any way? 机器人能以某种方式帮助你和我吗?
3. He is always too busy to have any time to relax. 他总是太忙而没有时间放松。
4. His business suit was smoothly ironed. 他的工作服被光滑地熨烫过了。
5. His lunch box was already prepared. 他的便当已经准备好了。
6. It would go shopping at the supermarket as well. 它也会去超市购物。
7. His flat would look as good as new. 他的公寓会看起来像新的一样
8. That allowed Mr Jiang to do whatever he liked. 那允许江先生可以做他喜欢的事。
9. It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr Jiang’s needs. 看起来这个机器人大体上满足了江先生的需求。
10. When Mr Jiang got home, he would find his flat in a complete mess: food was laid on the bed; milk was stored in the rubbish bin; coins, bills and his private papers were spread all over the floor.
当江先生回到家,他会发现家里乱作一团:食物放在床上, 牛奶储存在垃圾桶里,硬币、帐单和他的私人文件撒得满地都是。
11. Robots can help people a lot, but they can also be too much trouble!
机器人可以对人们帮助很大,但也会给他们带来很多麻烦。
12. Would a robot bring any changes to your life? 机器人会给你的生活带来一些变化吗?
13. What might cause a robot not to work properly? 什么会使机器人不正常工作?
14. It is too much trouble to own a robot. 拥有一个机器人太麻烦
15. I notice the robot busy with all kinds of housework 我注意到机器人忙于各种家务。
16. I consider the robot a great help in my daily life. 我认为机器人在我的日常生活中作用极大。
17. go on a business trip (to sp.) 因公(去某地)出差
18. have a serious heart problem 有严重的心脏问题
19. Please hold and I’ll put you through. 请不要挂断,我将为你接通。
20. have it checked 请别人检查它(机器人)
have sth. done 请别人做某事
三、语法
1. 宾语从句&宾语+宾语补足语
2. 宾语从句&疑问词+to do不定式
3. 状语从句&to do不定式
Unit Four: Life on Mars
一、重点词组
1、以光的速度行驶 travel at the speed of light
2、呈药丸形状 in the form of pills
3、随着……的发展[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]with the development of
4、人口的飞速增长 rapid increase in population
5、迅速地增加 increase rapidly
6、到2100年为止 by the year 2100
7、与火星生活相比 compared with life on Mars
8、干粮 dried food
9、地球引力的八分之三 three-eights of the gravity on Earth
10、火星和太阳之间的距离 the distance between Mars and the Sun
11、运送大量的乘客 carry a large number of / large numbers of passengers
12、可以指望…… It is hoped that…
13、对某人有极大的帮助 be of great help / be very helpful to sb
14、专门设计来做……[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] be specially designed to do
15、把A连接到B .connect A to B
16、绕太阳运转 circle around the Sun
17 与……相似 be similar to
18、开展一个调查 carry out a survey
19、住在火星上的优势 advantages of living on Mars
20、因住在那里生病 get ill from living there
21、以讨论开始 start /begin with a discussion
22、意见一致 in agreement
23、住在火星上的可能性 the possibility of living on Mars
24、火星生活指南 a guide to living on Mars[来源:学科网ZXXK]
25、重新开始 start all over again
26、毕竟 after all
27、公共交通系统 public transport system
28、一种很受欢迎的……形式 a very popular form of
29、变得越来越拥挤 become more and more crowded
30、记英语日记 keep an English diary
31、考虑做某事 think about / consider doing sth.
32、低重力篮球比赛 low gravity basketball game
33 、没有污染的交通车辆 traffic with no / without any air pollution
34 、来自地球的货物 goods from the Earth
35、感觉像 / 想要 漂浮在空中 feel like floating in the air
36、提高听力技巧 improve the listening skills
37、想要你们所有人都来 want all of you / you all to come
38 、知道 be aware of / know
39、你觉得。。。怎么样? How do you like….?=What do you think of….?
40、穿特殊靴子的人 people in special boots
41、后背上背氧气罐的一个人 a person with an air tank on his bank
42、 对某人/物有害 do harm to sb/ sth= be harmful to sb/ sth = harm sb/ sth
43、 值得冒险 be worth the risk / taking the risk[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]
44、 离地球很远 far (away) from the Earth
45、 在一个空气比地球上稀薄得多的星球上
on a planet with/ that has much thinner air than that on the Earth
46. compare … with … 把…与…比较
compare … to … 把…比作…(比喻)
二、重点句子
1. --- I’ve never thought about traveling into space. 我从来没有想过到太空旅行。
--- Me neither/ either. = Neither have I. 我也没有。
我也是:so do I
的确如此:so I do
2. How do you like life on Mars? = What do you think of life on Mars? 你认为火星的生活怎么样?
3. I can’t get to my food. 我够不到我的食物。
4. Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population.
我们自己的星球,地球,因为人口的迅速增长正变得越来越拥挤,污染越来越严重。
5. At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars --- it would take months. 目前,我闪的宇宙飞般太慢了,无法运送大批的乘客去火星——因为要花几个月的时间。
large numbers of = a large number of 大量的
6. Humans cannot survive without water, oxygen or food. 没有水、氧气或食物,人类就不能生存
7. Food would most probably be in the form of pills and would not be so tasty. 食物很大可能会以药片的形式存在,而且味道没那么可口。
in the form of … 以…形式[来源:学科网ZXXK]
8. The gravity on Mars is only about three- eighths of that on the Earth. 火星上的重力大约只有地球上的八分之三。
9. Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging. 火星上的生活,不仅有挑战性,还很有趣。
10. Many people are in no doubt that … 很多人确信…
There is no doubt that … 毫无疑问…
11. They (online games) make us feel like we are really inside the games! 在线游戏使我们感觉像自己真的身临其境。
feel like doing sth. 想要;感觉好像
三、语法
1. 状语从句&简单句
2. 宾语从句&简单句
3. 限制性定语从句&简单句
学科知识特点:
九年级下册共有四个单元,课本题材范围更广,反映了学生对未来生活的想象,如移居火星、拥有机器人生活方式、学习世界上著名伟人的事迹以及著名景点的介绍等。每一单元共有七个板块,分别是:Welcome to the unit, Reading, Grammar, Integrated skills, Study skills, Task and self-assessment. 其中第一、二、三、六板块比较重要,考试的重要知识点及语法主要分布在这几个板块。本册的语法比较重要,而最重要的的就是宾语从句,这一语法是考试重点,中考必考语法,也为高中语法作了过渡。
我们的教授方法和学习建议:
初三与初一、初二都不一样,初三下册的四个单元学习基本需要在一个月内完成,剩下的时间将从初一的知识点开始重新复习。因此,初三下册的学习是比较紧迫的,因此会在单元的基础词汇和重要语法上狠下功夫,重要的知识点会紧密联系学生的个人情况与普遍易错的题型进行深入讲解。在初三下册的课本学习完后,复习初一初二基础知识的同时,听力与口语的练习也刻不容缓,加大听说的训练量,提高自动化听力与口语的分数,拿下中考第一分。